首页|限制离婚诉讼中非法证据排除的正当性重述

限制离婚诉讼中非法证据排除的正当性重述

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在离婚诉讼非法证据排除问题中,法益权衡的复杂性远远超出配偶权与隐私权之间如何取舍的范畴,还涉及取证困难方法律保护请求权的实现可能性,以及离婚自由、财产权、子女抚养权等法益。然而,此种复杂法益权衡并未得到充分关注与类型化研究,未与法律保护请求权相衔接。离婚诉讼中用于证明配偶存在出轨、家暴等过错的证据往往都发生在当事人最为私密的场所,而宪法对"通信秘密"的保护不允许法院调取民事诉讼当事人的通信内容、聊天记录,因此很难通过申请法院调查取证、证据保全取得具有强证明力的证据。与刑事非法证据排除不同,限制民事诉讼非法证据排除并不会减损诉讼的事实发现功能与受害方的权利救济,被非法取证的受害方仍可通过提起侵权诉讼的方式获得救济。
Restatement of the Justification for Limiting the Exclusion of Illegal Evidence in Divorce Proceedings
In the issue of illegal evidence exclusion in divorce litigation,the complexity of the weighing of legal interests goes far beyond the spousal rights and the right to privacy,involving the possibility of realizing the right of the party who has difficulties in obtaining evidence to request legal protection,as well as the freedom of divorce,the right to property,the right to custody of the children and other legal interests.This complex measurement of legal interests has not received sufficient attention and typological research,and has not been linked to the right to legal protection.Evidence used to prove the existence of spousal infidelity,domestic violence and other fault evidence often occur in the most private place,and the constitutional protection of"secret communication"does not allow the court to access the content of civil litigants'communications and chatting records,so it is difficult to apply to the court for investigation and evidence collection,evidence preservation to obtain evidence with strong probative power.Unlike the exclusion of illegal criminal evidence,the restriction on the exclusion of illegal evidence in civil litigation does not detract from the fact-discovery function of the litigation and the remedies of the injured party,and the injured party who has been subjected to unlawful evidence can still obtain remedies by way of filing a tort lawsuit.

illegal evidence exclusiondivorce litigationlegal protection claimcommunication secretright of appeal

段厚省、庄语滋

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复旦大学法学院,上海 200438

非法证据排除 离婚诉讼 法律保护请求权 通信秘密 诉权

2023年教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目

23YJA820006

2024

河北法学
河北政法职业学院 河北省法学会

河北法学

CHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.992
ISSN:1002-3933
年,卷(期):2024.42(5)
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