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知识产权视域下非法获取商业大数据的刑法规制

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大数据具有非竞争性、财产性、非独创性以及强垄断性等特征.实践中仅以非法获取计算机信息系统数据罪规制非法获取商业大数据的行为,忽视了大数据的财产性.以侵犯商业秘密罪规制非法获取行为,则忽视了对已公开商业大数据的保护,也容易造成数据垄断.将商业大数据作为新型财产加以保护,则忽视了现有法律体系内可能存在的保护方案.大数据与知识产权在权利客体、权利限制以及制度目标上具有亲和性,因此可以用知识产权制度保护商业大数据.由于大数据不具有独创性,其难以成为汇编作品,但能够作为邻接权客体加以保护.因此可以在《著作权法》中规定大数据收集者的权利,并在侵犯著作权罪中增设侵犯大数据的行为类型,进而规制非法获取商业大数据的行为.
Criminal Regulation of Unauthorized Acquisition of Commercial Big Data from the Perspective of Intellectual Property Rights
Big data has the characteristics of non-competition,property,non-originality and strong monopoly.In practice,the illegal acquisition of commercial big data is regulated only by the crime of illegally obtaining computer information system data,ignoring the property nature of big data.Regulating illegal acquisition with the crime of infringing trade secrets ignores the protection of disclosed commercial big data,and is also prone to data monopoly.Protecting commercial big data as a new type of property ignores the protection schemes that may exist within the existing legal system.Big data rights and intellectual property rights have an affinity in terms of right objects,rights restrictions and institutional objectives,so commercial big data can be protected with the intellectual property system.Since big data was not original,it was difficult to be a compilation work,but it could be protected as the subject matter of neighboring rights.Therefore,the rights of big data collectors can be stipulated in the Copyright Law,and the types of infringement of big data can be added to the crime of copyright infringement,so as to regulate the illegal acquisition of commercial big data.

enterprise big dataintellectual propertyneighboring rightscrime of illegally obtaining computer information system datadata criminal law

左坚卫、彭赛嘉

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北京师范大学法学院,北京 100875

商业大数据 知识产权 邻接权 非法获取计算机信息系统数据罪 数据刑法

国家社会科学基金青年项目

22CFX061

2024

河北法学
河北政法职业学院 河北省法学会

河北法学

CHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.992
ISSN:1002-3933
年,卷(期):2024.42(6)
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