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论轻罪治理视野下的附条件不起诉制度

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随着轻罪时代的到来,实现有效的轻罪治理成为中国式刑事诉讼现代化的重大时代命题。这一背景激活了附条件不起诉制度的轻罪治理功能,其扩大到成年人轻罪案件的制度探索,不仅是因为能够弥补现有轻罪控制模式惩罚与预防的失衡,也是出于满足社会公共利益保护最大化的需求,受到国家轻罪治理体系现代化范式转型的推动。德国社会关系修复型为重心的附加条件与美国犯罪行为矫治型为重心的附加条件均为附条件不起诉制度的类型设计提供了经验借鉴,两者应并立设置并以修复型条件为前置要件、矫治型条件为核心要件,在具有普适化意义的制度设计时凸显犯罪矫治的治理优势。在适用范围上,实行立法刑期和预防必要性的二元规制;在考察样态上,引入社会力量的共治式监督考察方式;在验收评估上,适用"条件完成+有效预防"双重验收标准的评估听证程序。
On the Conditional Non-Prosecution System in the Perspective of Minor Offences'Governance
With the advent of the minor offences'era,achieving effective minor offences'governance has become a major proposition of the times for the modernisation of Chinese-style criminal procedure.The background has activated the conditional non-prosecution system's function in governing minor crimes.The institutional exploration of expanding this approach to adult minor crime cases is not only to address the imbalance between punishment and prevention in the existing minor crime control model,but also driven by the need to maximize the protection of social public interests.This exploration is part of the broader modernization paradigm shift in the national minor crime governance system.Germany's social-relationship-repair-oriented additional conditions and the United States'criminal behaviour-correction-oriented additional conditions both provide experience for the design of the type of conditional non-prosecution system,which should be set up in parallel with repair-oriented conditions as the antecedent elements and correction-oriented conditions as the core elements,so as to highlight the governance advantages of crime correction in the design of the system with universal significance.In terms of the scope of application,the dual regulation of the legislative sentence and the necessity of prevention is implemented;in terms of the mode of investigation,the common governance supervision and inspection method of social forces is introduced;in terms of acceptance and evaluation,the evaluation and hearing procedure with the dual acceptance standard of"completion of conditions+effective prevention"is applied.

minor offences'managementconditional non-prosecutionrestorative conditionscorrective conditionscrime prevention

余沁

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北京大学法学院,北京 100088

轻罪治理 附条件不起诉 修复型条件 矫治型条件 犯罪预防

国家社会科学基金一般项目

23BFX026

2024

河北法学
河北政法职业学院 河北省法学会

河北法学

CHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.992
ISSN:1002-3933
年,卷(期):2024.42(8)
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