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数据分类确权的司法探索与规则重构

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"数据二十条"提出构建数据分类确权制度,其规定的数据分类涉及数据内容、数据处理主体、数据形态多种标准,地方性法规和司法实践中也存在多种不同分类标准,厘清分类标准对落实数据分类确权制度至关重要。司法实践对数据分类进行了积极探索,从人格属性、公开性、衍生性三个方面确立多元类型标准。数据分类确权追求的价值应当涵括实现数据安全、数据经济效率、数据全民共享三个层面。多元类型标准对于设立统一的数据财产权利有较大挑战,需要对满足数据财产权利要件的数据设立数据财产权的数据基准类型,其他类型的数据在此基础上进行权益内容扩张或限缩,只有同时满足对价交换性、可控制性、衍生性的数据,方能成为数据财产权利的客体。与上述三个属性相对应,同时符合非个人数据、非公开数据、衍生数据的数据方可以作为设计数据财产权益的基准,个人数据、公开数据、原始数据则需要在基础数据财产权利之上进行权利内容扩张或限缩。其中,个人数据应当配置个人信息权和隐私权限制规则,公开数据上设立合理使用规则,单一原始数据设计非排他性使用规则以保留其公共性。
On Judicial Exploration and Rule Reconstruction of Data Typed Right
"Data 20 Articles'proposes to build a data typed right confirmation system.The data classification it provides involves a variety of standards for data content,data processing subjects,and data forms.There are also a variety of different classification standards in local regulations and judicial practice.Clarifying the classification standards is crucial to the implementation of the data typed right confirmation system.The judicial practice has actively explored the classification of data,and established the multi-type standard from the three aspects of personality attribute,openness and derivation.The value of data classification should include three levels:data security,data economic efficiency and data sharing.The multi-type standard is a great challenge to the establishment of a unified data property right.It is necessary to establish the data benchmark type of data property right based on the data that meets the requirements of data property rights,and expand or limit the content of rights for other types of data on this basis.Only the data that satisfies the pure property,consideration exchange,controllability and derivative at the same time can become the object of data property rights.Corresponding to the above three attributes,data that conforms to non-personal data,non-public data,and derived data can be used as the benchmark for designing data property rights,while personal data,public data,and original data need to expand or limit the content of rights on the basis of basic data property rights.Among them,personal data should be configured with restrictions on personal information rights and privacy,fair use rules should be established on public data,and non-exclusive use rules should be designed for single raw data to retain its public nature.

datadata typejudicial explorationtyped rightderived data

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东北林业大学文法学院,黑龙江哈尔滨 150040

数据 数据类型 司法探索 分类确权 衍生数据

2024

河北法学
河北政法职业学院 河北省法学会

河北法学

CHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:0.992
ISSN:1002-3933
年,卷(期):2024.42(12)