This article thoroughly explores ultrasonic Lamb wave excitation methods and their application in structural health monitoring.It discusses various Lamb wave excitation approaches,including piezoelectric transducers,electromagnetic pulses,and laser irradiation,analyzing their working principles and conditions of application,and it provides a detailed description of high-voltage excitation circuitry and phased array Lamb wave excitation circuit design,discussing the precision control of excitation delays achieved through FPGA.Furthermore,It clearly outlines the criteria for choosing ultrasonic excitation parameters,such as excitation frequency and incidence angle,which are crucial for enhancing the performance of detection technologies.The outlook suggests that research will focus on the development of new sensor technologies and improvement in signal processing techniques to increase the accuracy and reliability of Lamb waves in structural health monitoring.