Forest litter is defined, as the organic matter produced from biological components as well as the material and energy source decomposers, and then returned to soil surface in the forest ecological systems (FES). Litter decomposition is the main way of nutrients return in forest ecological system, and an important segment of material cycle and energy flow in FES. Crushing, leaching and decomposition of organic material metabolisms are the three processes of litter decomposition; the ratio of C/N and lignin content are the main index factors of litter decomposition, the internal factors of litter such as litter quality and external factors such as climate influence the litter decomposition commonly. The research of litter decomposition dynamic process can help us to plant related species more reasonable, adjust measures to local conditions and find enough effective adjustment for trees grow efficiency, to maintain soil fertility and enhance the nutrients available.