In order to resolve the problems of low accuracy and efficiency in the yield trials for maize breeding,and find a good method for maize hybrid identification,the appearance of maize yield in different growth environments in this article.The productivity,competitive ability and compensative ability were estimated,and the relationship between them and other traits were analyzed.It is showed that the competitive ability negatively related to productivity,and it positively related to some plant-type traits,such as plant height,tassel branch number and leaf area.These results will supply a new way for maize breeding.