QTL Mapping and Genetic Effect Analysis of Calcium and Potassium Content in Wheat Grain
Calcium and potassium are important mineral nutrient elements in wheat.It is significant to explore the related genetic mechanisms and effects on human nutritional health.To provide a theoretical basis for biofortifi-cation breeding of trace elements in wheat grains,we used 164 F6 recombinant inbred lines(RILs)derived from Avo-cet/Chilero(AC)and 175 F6 RILs derived from Avocet/Huites(AH).Our investigation focused on phenotypic vari-ations in grain calcium(GCa)and grain potassium(GK)content in five environments.QTL mapping was conducted with diversity arrays technology(DArT)chip.Nineteen QTLs associated with grain calcium content were identi-fied,distributed on chromosomes 1A,1D,2A,2B,3 A,3D,4A,4B,4D,5A,5B,7A,7B,and 7D,explaining 3.23％-16.29％of phenotypic variation.Simultaneously,23 QTLs linked to grain potassium content were identified on chromosomes 1B,2A,2B,3A,3B,4A,4D,5A,6A,6B,and 7D,explaining 3.31％-24.66％of phenotypic variation.QGCa.haust-1A,QGCa.haust-AC-5A and QGK.haust-AC-2A.2 were located in multiple en-vironments.QGCa.haust-1A and QGCa.haust-AC-5A explained 7.82％-12.72％and 9.68％-15.57％of phenotypic variation,and the physical intervals were 498.67-532.21 Mb and 461.52-486.26 Mb,respective-ly.QGK.haust-AC-2A.2 explained 8.15％-15.20％of phenotypic variation,with a physical range of 354.61-462.37 Mb.The genetic effect analysis of QGCa.haust-1A,QGCa.haust-AC-5A,and QGK.haust-AC-2A.2 showed that each locus effectively increased the calcium and potassium content in wheat grain.Aggregation effect analysis indicated that the lines with QGCa.haust-1A and QGCa.haust-AC-5A effect loci had highly significantly higher calcium content than those with only a single locus.In summary,three stable loci of grain calcium and po-tassium content are mapped on chromosomes 1 A,2 A,and 5 A,which could significantly increase calcium and po-tassium content in wheat grain.
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