Transcriptome Analysis of Quinoa Seedlings in Response to Low Nitrogen
In order to explore the molecular mechanism of low nitrogen response in quinoa,low nitrogen re-sponse genes were screened to reveal the adaptive changes in quinoa response to low nitrogen.Based on the seedling growth observation and chlorophyll synthesis detection,we analyzed the transcriptome changes of quinoa after 5 d and 30 d under nitrogen deficiency conditions.The results showed that roots were preferentially developed under ni-trogen starvation condition.Older leaves turned yellow or dropped down under both low nitrogen and nitrogen starva-tion conditions,therefore younger leaves could maintain green.Higher NUE was shown in both low and nitrogen star-vation conditions.GO enrichment analysis indicated that significantly differential expressed genes were mainly in-volved in integral component of membrane,membrane,oxidation-reduction process,metabolic process,ATP binding,and metal ion binding.After 5 d of low or nitrogen starvation supply,KEGG enrichment analysis showed that phenyl-propyl biosynthesis and glutathione metabolism were the most significant metabolic pathways compared with high ni-trogen.After 30 d of treatment,the most significant metabolic pathway was the carbon metabolic pathway.The key genes in response to low nitrogen in quinoa were further explored.The results showed that peroxidase,glutathione S-transferase and ascorbate peroxidase genes were up-regulated and their expressions were higher after 5 days of low ni-trogen and nitrogen deficiency treatment.The genes of phosphoglycerate kinase,cysteine synthetase,glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase(NADP)and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase were up-regulated and the expression levels were higher after 30 days of low and low nitrogen treatment.The results of qRT-PCR agreed with the RNA-Seq.
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