摘要
我国模具工业规模大、年产值高、市场潜力巨大,但由于起步晚,产品以中低端为主,大型、精密、复杂模具仍严重依赖进口.热锻模是模具钢重要分支,产品主要分为中碳低合金热作模具钢、铬系中合金热作模具钢和改进型热作模具钢3大类,使用温度涵盖300～700 ℃温度区间,在汽车工业和机械制造业应用广泛.简要介绍了国内热锻模具钢的发展概况;分析了热锻模具钢的使用工况、失效形式和性能要求;结合国内模具使用情况和合金化特点,为热锻模具钢的选材与产品研发提供了参考依据,同时展望了利用W、Mo、V、Co等元素合金化设计和成形情况,指出通过热处理工艺提高热锻模具钢的强韧性和耐磨性是热锻模具钢的发展趋势.
Abstract
China's mold industry has a large scale,high annual output value,and huge market potential.However,due to its late start,its products are mainly in the middle and low level,and large,precision,and complex molds still heavily rely on imports.Hot forging dies are an important branch of mold steel,and their products are mainly divided into three categories:medium carbon low alloy hot work die steel,chromium based medium alloy hot work die steel,and improved hot work die steel.The temperature range of use covers 300～700 ℃,and they are widely used in the automotive and mechanical manufacturing industries.Briefly introduced the development overview of domestic hot forging die steel;Analyzed the usage conditions,failure modes,and performance requirements of hot forging die steel;Based on the usage and alloying characteristics of domestic molds,this provides a reference basis for the selection of materials and product research and development of hot forging die steel.At the same time,the design and forming situation of alloying elements such as W,Mo,V,and Co are discussed,and it is pointed out that improving the strength,toughness,and wear resistance of hot forging die steel through heat treatment process is the development trend of hot forging die steel.
维普
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