Effect of Curcumin on Wound Healing of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Based on TGF-β1/Smad3 Signaling Pathway
Objective:To investigate the effects of curcumin on transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/Smad3 signaling pathway,wound healing,cellular inflammatory factors and angiogenesis in diabetic foot ulcer(DFU)rats.Methods:All rats were randomly divided into control group,DFU model group(DFU group),curcumin treatment group(curcumin group)and curcumin treatment+Smad3 inhibitor SIS3 group(SIS3 group).The wound healing rate of rats was calculated.The hematoxylin-eosin(H&E)staining was used to observe the pathological changes of wound tissue.The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect interleukin-1beta(IL-1β)and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)levels.Western blot was used to analyze vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),CD31 and TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling protein expression.Results:Compared with those of control group,the rats in DFU group had significantly decreased wound healing rate and the protein expressions of TGF-β1 and Smad3,significantly increased the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α(P<0.05),and with a large number of inflammatory cells in the wound tissue and reduced neovascularization.Compared with those of DFU group,the rats in curcumin group presented sig-nificantly increased wound healing rate and the protein expressions of TGF-β1 and Smad3,significantly de-creased the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α(P<0.05).The inflammatory cells in the wound tissue gradually de-creased,and the number of new blood vessels gradually increased.After adding Smad3 inhibitor,the effect of curcumin on wound tissue injury in DFU rats can be eliminated to a certain extent.Conclusion:Curcumin may inhibit inflammatory response and induce angiogenesis by activating TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway,thereby promoting wound healing in UFD rats.
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