In organic synthesis,the combined catalysis of transition metals and organic molecules pro-vide a powerful strategy for constructing complex structured molecules.According to the different mechanism of catalysts and the order of feeding,the reaction can be divided into cooperative catalysis and cascade/sequential catalysis.In depth research on the catalytic reactions of nitrogen heterocyclic carbenes,the cascade/sequential or cooperative catalysis of nitrogen heterocyclic carbenes with Brønsted acids/bases,Lewis acids,has developed rapidly,and has achieved precise regulation of re-action selectivity,enantioselectivity,and diastereoselectivity.At present,nitrogen heterocyclic carbe-nes have made significant progress in cooperative catalytic reactions with transition metals such as pal-ladium,titanium,copper,and ruthenium.This type of reaction can be used for the construction of some chiral active molecules,biomedicine small molecules,and other skeletons,with potential appli-cation value and development prospects.
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