摘要
综述了石英纤维、碳化硅纤维、氮化硅纤维、氮化硼纤维、氧化铝纤维、莫来石纤维、硅酸铝纤维等不同种类陶瓷纤维的制备技术研究现状和技术难点.石英纤维主要采用溶胶-凝胶法制备,需要纤维表面引入氮化硼涂层改善其界面析晶行为;碳化硅纤维主要采用前驱体转化法和活性炭转化法制备,需进行表面涂层增强其性能;氮化硅纤维主要采用溶胶-凝胶法和碳热还原氮化法制备;氮化硼纤维主要采用无机转化法和有机前驱体法制备;溶胶-凝胶法是氧化铝、莫来石和硅酸铝纤维的主要制备方法.未来国内陶瓷纤维研究应进一步提高纤维性能、开发新品种、提高制备技术水平、加强应用研究和拓展应用领域.
Abstract
The research status and technical difficulties of the preparation technologies for different types of ceramic fibers,such as quartz fiber,silicon carbide fiber,silicon nitride fiber,boron nitride fiber,alumina fiber,mullite fiber and aluminum silicate fiber,etc.,were reviewed.Quartz fibers are mainly prepared by sol-gel method and need to be coated with boron nitride on the fiber surface to improve the interface crystallization behavior.Silicon carbide fibers are mainly prepared by precursor con-version method and activated carbon conversion method and need to be coated to enhance their performance.Silicon nitride fibers are prepared by sol-gel method and carbothermal reduction nitridation method.Boron nitride fibers are mainly prepared by inor-ganic conversion method and organic precursor method.Sol-gel method is the main method for preparing alumina,mullite and a-luminum silicate fibers.The domestic research on ceramic fibers should be focused on the further improvement of ceramic fiber performance,the development of new fiber varieties,the improvement of the preparation technology level,the strengthening of application research and the expansion of the application fields in the future.
基金项目
大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202210709009)
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据