Preparation and spinning properties of anisotropic asphalt
Using catalytic clarified oil slurry and residual oil as raw materials,anisotropic asphalt was modulated by adjusting the chemical composition of raw materials and thermal polymerization and was produced into anisotropic asphalt based carbon fi-bers by spinning,oxidation,carbonization and graphitization.The change in the chemical composition of raw materials was stud-ied before and after regulation,as were the effects of thermal polymerization time and temperature on the physical properties of anisotropic asphalt.And the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of anisotropic asphalt based carbon fibers were char-acterized.The results showed that the sulfur and nitrogen contents decreased,the saturated fatty hydrocarbon content increased,and the aromatic hydrocarbon content decreased when the mixture of catalytic clarified oil slurry and residual oil as raw materials was subjected to modulation including desolidation and hydrogenation;the anisotropic asphalt was prepared by thermal polymeri-zation method,the content of intermediate phase in the asphalt increased when the thermal polymerization time increased from 2 h to 12 h,and the softening point of the asphalt increased,and the contents of intermediate phase,quinoline insoluble matter and toluene insoluble matter increased,but the yield decreased when the thermal polymerization temperature increased from 360℃to 420℃;the anisotropic asphalt,which was obtained by reacting at a thermal polymerization temperature of 420℃for 12 h,had a softening point of 273℃and an intermediate phase mass fraction of 96.8%and showed a wide streamline shape under optical conditions;and a high-performance carbon fiber could be produced with a diameter of 13 μm,tensile modulus of 648 GPa,ten-sile strength of 2.74 GPa and thermal conductivity of 1 128 W/(m·K)by spinning followed by oxidation,carbonization and graphitization when the obtained anisotropic asphalt with an intermediate phase mass fraction of 96.8%was used as the precursor.
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