驼毛纤维的研究进展及其应用领域
Research progress and application fields of camel hair fiber
陈彦成 1王进美 1王丞 1董智勇 1李浩辰1
作者信息
- 1. 西安工程大学 纺织科学与工程学院,陕西 西安 710048
- 折叠
摘要
介绍了驼毛纤维的结构、化学组成、主要性能及应用领域,以及其改性研究进展,并对未来驼毛纤维的研究和发展提出了建议.驼毛纤维主要由三层结构组成,包括鳞片层、较发达的皮质层及髓质层,其中髓质层位于纤维的中心,为中空或不完全中空结构.驼毛纤维主要由角蛋白构成,同时包含少量的脂类、蜡质、矿物质及水分,其中角蛋白质量分数约90%.驼毛纤维的特性主要是保暖性和柔软性,还具有天然的抗菌性、抗静电性、吸湿性等,主要应用在高档服装、保暖纺织品及手术衣、绷带和敷料等医用纺织品.目前国内对驼毛纤维的研究尚处在初级阶段,主要集中在通过化学或物理方法改变其鳞片层和皮质层的结构,提升其柔软性和抗缩性.今后,对于驼毛纤维的研究应侧重于以下几个方面:优化处理技术,进一步提高其柔软性和抗缩性能;加强对驼毛纤维的抗菌机理研究,推动其在医疗用品及抗菌纺织品中的应用;将驼毛纤维与纳米技术相结合,研发出更多功能性和智能纺织品,拓展其应用领域.
Abstract
The structure,chemical composition,basic properties and application fields of camel hair fiber were introduced,as was the research progress on its modification.And some suggestions were put forward on the future research and development of camel hair fiber.Camel hair fibers are mainly composed of three layers,including a scale layer,a developed cortex layer and a medulla layer.The medulla layer is a hollow or partially hollow structure at the center of the fibers.Camel hair fibers are mainly composed of keratin,accounting for about 90%by mass fraction,and small amounts of lipids,wax,minerals and water.The characteristics of camel hair fiber mainly include warmth and softness,as well as natural antibacterial,anti-static and moisture absorbing properties.It is mainly used in high-end clothing,warm textiles,surgical gowns,bandages,dressings,and other med-ical textiles.The research on camel hair fibers is still in its early stages in China,mainly focusing on changing the structure of its scale and cortex layers through chemical or physical methods to enhance its flexibility and resistance to shrinkage.In the future,the research on camel hair fiber should be focused on optimizing processing techniques to further improve their softness and shrinkage resistance,strengthening the research on the antibacterial mechanism of camel hair fiber to promote its application in medical supplies and antibacterial textiles and applying nanotechnology to develop more functional and intelligent textiles of camel hair fiber to expand the application fields.
关键词
驼毛纤维/结构/性能/应用/技术进展Key words
camel hair fiber/structure/properties/application/technical development引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据