Navigating through the Chaos Route:Dilemma and Prospects for the Senior Secondary Schools Specialization over the Past Thirty Years——Evidence Based on In-depth Interviews
Over the past thirty years,China has been promoting the senior secondary schools specialization,aim-ing to establish a diversified and specialized development pattern by 2022.However,this goal seems far from being achieved.Therefore,based on in-depth interviews with experts and principals,this study aims to reveal the practical difficulties and constraints of senior secondary schools specialization in China.It's found that there are several key challenges in developing senior secondary school specialization:a big gap between ideal and reality in achieving senior secondary schools specialization,a chaotic implementation manifesting as superficial development and essen-tial deviation,the degraded outcomes manifesting as a crisis between the insufficient support for student individual-ity and a new track for obtaining scores.The development of senior secondary schools specialization is constrained by the lack of specialized policies and top-level design,the absence of subject competencies,the bonds of lacking support system,the shackles of evaluation system oriented towards"five only",the constraints of utilitarian educa-tional culture,and the absence of a corresponding support system.Based on these findings,recommendations are made from four perspectives:clarifying directions,creating a favorable environment,strengthening motivation,and enhancing capabilities.These recommendations include constructing a policy system that is"nationally unified and locally implemented by municipal governments,"establishing a senior secondary schools education quality concept that"balances comprehensiveness and individuality,and compatibility between scores and specializations,"imple-menting an enrollment examination system that"separates autonomous enrollment from entrance examinations,"and forming a practical direction for capability enhancement under the devolution of school autonomy,emphasizing"self-empowerment and empowerment of others."
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