中子数据获取系统作为中子散射实验的核心组成部分,通过收集与物体相互作用的中子信息数据,为科学研究和工程应用提供重要的数据支持,帮助了解物质内部的微观结构.本文针对Timepix3相机在中国散裂中子源(China Spallation Neutron Source,CSNS)能量分辨中子成像谱仪(Energy-Resolution Neutron Imaging Spectrometer,ERNI)上的工程应用,设计并研制了一套数据获取系统(Data Acquisition System,DAQ),该系统能够实现相机的自动控制,并依据40 ms的时间周期对数据进行高效的预处理.在系统硬件方面,采用多服务器集群来应对探测器的高数据带宽需求;在控制层面,采用了实验物理和工业控制系统(Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System,EPICS)的软件框架提高了相机的自动化程度和谱仪接口的联动;在数据流处理上,采用了 Kafka分布式流处理平台来使读出和分析解耦合,提高灵活性,并通过对数据流按照To(40 ms为中子打靶的脉冲周期)打包来对中子数据进行预处理.通过在ERNI谱仪上进行的样品透射成像实验,验证了整套数据获取系统在束流条件下运行正常,能够成功获取到中子数据并进行了分析,测试结果符合预期,满足了 ERNI谱仪的工程需求.
Abstract
Timepix3 is a data frontend readout device used as an imaging detector by energy-resolving neutron imaging spectrometers,due to its ns time resolution,55 us position resolution,and up to 65,536 pixels.In this paper,a data acquisition system was developed for the engineering application of this camera in imaging spectrometers.The hardware design uses a multi-server cluster to meet the high data bandwidth requirements,while the control system uses the EPICS software framework to improve the camera's automation level and interface with the spectrometer.The data stream uses Kafka to decouple readout and analysis,improve flexibility,and preprocess neutron data and event reconstruction by packing the data stream according to T0.The data acquisition system was deployed on the energy-resolving neutron imaging spectrometer for sample experiments,and data was obtained and analyzed,meeting the spectrometer's requirements for data acquisition.
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