高压油泵阻尼孔对燃油系统压力特性的影响研究
Investigation of the influence of the damping orifice of a high-pressure fuel pump on the pressure characteristics of a fuel system
顾远琪 1范立云 1苗秋露 2郭巨寿 2王芳2
作者信息
- 1. 哈尔滨工程大学 动力与能源工程学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001
- 2. 山西柴油机工业有限责任公司,山西 大同 037036
- 折叠
摘要
为实现更高的热效率和更优的排放,柴油机的喷射压力不断提高.阻尼孔作为高压油泵等压出油阀的关键结构,对燃油系统的压力特性有重要影响.本文研究了阻尼孔大小对喷油器的喷射特性以及高压油管压力波动特性的影响,结果表明:随着阻尼孔由 0.1 mm增大至 2.0 mm,喷油器喷油持续期相对缩短,循环喷油量减小,这是不同阻尼孔对应的高压油管残余压力大小不同,以及不同阻尼孔大小对系统压力调节的速度不同的结果;此外,阻尼孔较小(0.1 mm)时,燃油系统存在二次喷射现象,而阻尼孔过大(3 mm)时,系统内还会存在零压区,即存在穴蚀的风险;对高压油管残余压力的频谱分析发现,阻尼孔较小时,高压油管内压力脉动与出油阀的运动存在较强的相关性,而阻尼孔较大时,压力脉动与回油阀的运动相关,即供油系统中多种阀件的运动是高压油管压力脉动的主要原因.
Abstract
To achieve higher thermal efficiency and better emissions,the spraying pressure of diesel engines has continually increased over the years.As a key structure of the constant-pressure delivery valve of the high-pressure fuel pump,the damping orifice has a significant effect on the pressure characteristics of the fuel system.In this pa-per,the influence of orifice diameter on the spraying characteristics of oil sprayers and the pressure fluctuation characteristics of a high-pressure fuel pipe were investigated.The results showed that when the orifice diameter in-creases from 0.1 to 2.0 mm,the oil spraying duration of the oil sprayer is relatively shortened,and the cyclic spra-ying volume reduces because different orifices correspond to different residual pressures of the fuel pipe,and differ-ent orifices have different system pressure regulation speeds.Furthermore,when the orifice is small(0.1 mm),secondary spraying occurs;when the orifice is excessively large(3 mm),an area with zero pressure in the system also emerges,i.e.,there is a risk of cavitation erosion.The spectral analysis of the residual pressure in a high-pressure oil pipe demonstrated that when the damping orifice is small,there is a strong correlation between the pres-sure pulsation in the high-pressure fuel pipe and the movement of the outlet valve;when the damping orifice is large,the pressure pulsation is related to the movement of the return valve,i.e.,the motion of various valves in the fuel supply system is the primary cause of the pressure pulsation in the high-pressure oil pipe.
关键词
柴油机/高压油泵/等压出油阀/阻尼孔/喷射特性/压力波动/高压油管/频域分析Key words
diesel engine/high-pressure fuel pump/constant-pressure oil delivery valve/damping orifice/spraying characteristics/pressure fluctuation/high-pressure fuel pipe/frequency domain analysis引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据