Development of underwater oil and gas fields in restricted shallow waters
In light of the environmental implications and spatial constraints associated with the extraction of China's oil and gas resources in shallow waters,this paper proposes a comprehensive design of the oil and gas production system for China's shallow waters.The paper further examines the key equipment structure of subsea production systems in shallow waters.Based on this analysis,it presents an ecofriendly design that fits the development needs of restricted maritime zones.The findings indicate that through innovative system design and strategic overall lay-out,the proposed shallow-water subsea production system is more economical in terms of unit weight,operation mode,and maintenance compared with deep-water systems.Ultimately,we emphasize that in order to achieve highly efficient and economically viable development of shallow water oil and gas fields,it remains crucial to per-sistently strive to tackle key technological challenges of subsea equipment.
shallow water oil treeshallow water subsea control modulesubsea protective structureshallow water subsea production systemsubsea manifoldwet plug subsea electrical connectorwet plug subsea hydraulic con-nectorthrottle valve