摘要
利用天然能源催化低储能材料转换为清洁燃料,催化重整、加氢、氧化合成有机物,提高产品的高附加值,是目前能源利用的有效途径.钌催化剂价廉,具有良好的反应活性、选择性和稳定性,在石油精制、精细化工、新能源等领域作用显著.结合特定的催化应用,常采用材料表面涂钌、共混掺杂、共沉淀、溶胶-凝胶、水热掺杂、高温共混熔融和焙烧还原等改性方法,制备负载型钌基复合催化剂.基于近年来钌基催化剂的实际应用,阐述了催化剂的负载制备方法和催化性能,综述了负载型钌基催化剂在氨合成、电催化制氢、加氢反应、析氧反应和氧化反应中的具体应用.
Abstract
The utilization of natural energy to catalyze the conversion of low energy storage materials into clean fuels,catalytic reforming,hydrogenation,and oxidation to synthesize organic compounds,and improve the high added value of products,is currently an effective way of energy utilization.Ruthenium catalysts are inexpensive,have good reaction activity,selectivity,and stability,and play a significant role in fields such as petroleum refining,fine chemicals,and new energy.Combined with specific catalytic applications,supported ruthenium based composite catalysts are often prepared by coating ruthenium on the surface of materials,blending doping,coprecipitation,sol gel,hydrothermal doping,high-temperature blending melting and roasting reduction.Based on the practical applications of ruthenium based catalysts in recent years,elaborates the preparation methods and catalytic performance of supported catalysts were elaborocted,and the specific applications of supported ruthenium was summarized based on catalysts in ammonia synthesis,electrocatalytic hydrogen production,hydrogenation reactions,oxygen evolution reactions,and oxidation reactions.
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