Occupational health risk of chemical harmful factors in painting and welding positions in automobile manufacturing industry based on 5 risk assessment methods
Aim:To assess the occupational health risk of the chemical harmful factors of key positions in automobile manufacturing enterprise by 5 risk assessment methods,and optimize the occupational health risk assessment scheme of au-tomobile manufacturing industry.Methods:The painting posts(producing benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene and xylene)and the welding posts(producing manganese and its inorganic compounds)in 3 automobile manufacturing enterprises in Henan Province in 2022 were selected as the research object.The painting and welding health risk was assessed and compared u-sing the contact ratio method,semi-quantitative composite index method,the international mining and metal commission(IC-MM)assignment quantitative method,quantitative non-carcinogenic risk assessment and risk index assessment method.Re-sults:The maximum value of time-weighted average concentration of xylene in the painting post in enterprise 2 exceeded the occupational exposure limit(OEL)time-weighted exposure concentration.The maximum value of the short time exposure concentration of ethylbenzene and xylene in the painting positions of enterprise 3 exceeded the OEL short-time allowable concentration.Three enterprises had lower benzene and toluene concentrations than OEL.The risk level of harmful factors assessed by contact ratio method was grade 1 to 5,which was grade 2 to 3 by semi-quantitative composite index method,grade 1 to 3 by ICMM assignment quantitative method,grade 1 to 5 by quantitative non-carcinogenic risk assessment meth-od,grade 1 to 5 by risk index assessment method.The risk levels assessed by the semi-quantitative composite index method,the quantitative non-carcinogenic risk assessment method,and the risk index method were higher than or equal to that of the contact ratio method and the ICMM assignment quantitative method.For postions with xylene exceeding the standard,the risk level assessed by the 5 methods was higher than or equal to that of positions whose risk level did not exceed the stand-ard,and the risk level assessed by contact ratio method and quantitative non-carcinogenic risk assessment method was higher than that of other methods.For the risk assessment of manganese and its inorganic compounds in 3 enterprises,the risk level of quantitative non-carcinogenic risk assessment method was 5,which was higher than the other 4 methods.Conclusion:The contact ratio method,semi-quantitative composite index method,ICMM assignment quantitative method,quantitative non-car-cinogenic risk assessment method and risk index assessment method have different advantages and disadvantages.When nec-essary,the combination of various methods can more objectively assess the occupational health risk of chemical harmful fac-tors in the automobile manufacturing industry.
risk assessmentautomobile manufacturing industrycontact ratio methodsemi-quantitative composite in-dex methodICMM assignment quantitative methodquantitative non-carcinogenic risk assessment methodrisk index assess-ment method
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