Source analysis and health risk assessment of PM2.5-bound PAH during heating and non-heating period in Zhengzhou from 2019 to 2021
Aim:To analyze the pollution characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH)in PM2.5 during heating period and non-heating period in Zhengzhou city,speculate its possible sources and evaluate its impact on population health.Methods:The concentrations of PM2.5 and PAH were measured in Zhengzhou from January 2019 to December 2021.The characteristic ratio method,principal component analysis(PCA)and PMF model were used to predict the source of PAH,and the carcinogenic risk of PAH with different inhalation routes was assessed according to the relevant technical guidelines.Results:The median concentrations of PM2.5 and PAH were 72.00 μg/m3 and 7.28 ng/m3 in heating period,and 50.00 μg/m3 and 7.16 ng/m3 in non-heating period,respectively.The results of characteristic ratio method showed that the PAH pollution in Zhengzhou was mainly from coal and biomass combustion and vehicle emission.The results of principal component analysis and PMF analysis showed that the main source of PAH in heating period is coal burning,and the main source of PAH in non-heating period is traffic source.The results of health risk analysis suggested that the PAH in PM2.5 in Zhengzhou City have potential carcinogenic risk to the population.Conclusion:In Zhengzhou,the PAH of PM2.5 in heating pe-riod mainly comes from coal burning,while the PAH in non-heating period mainly comes from transportation sources.PAH has a potential carcinogenic risk to partial population,and it is imperative to develop emission monitoring and control programs.
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