Effects of exogenous additives on bacterial diversity in chicken manure-peanut shell aerobic composting
[Objective]The effects of exogenous additives,montmorillonite and nano silicon dioxide(SiO2)on carbon and nitrogen changes and microbial community diversity during mixed aerobic com-posting of chicken manure-peanut shells were investigated,aiming to provide theory support and basis for the selection of new additives for aerobic composting.[Method]Chicken manure and peanut shell compost were utilized as the control(CK).Three additional treatments were established:5.0%(mass ratio)montmorillonite addition(CK+M),5.0%nano SiO2 addition(CK+S),and a combination of 2.5%montmorillonite and 2.5%nano SiO2(CK+M+S).Fermentation temperature and carbon-nitrogen content were monitored,and high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to assess bacterial community differences across various composting stages.[Result]Concurrent application of montmoril-lonite and nano SiO2 significantly accelerated the heating rate and elevated fermentation temperature,leading to reducing nitrogen loss and enhancing nutrient content.High-throughput sequencing revealed that the addition of these mineral additives enriched bacterial diversity and abundance.Domi-nant bacterial groups included Firmicutes,Actinomycetes,Proteobacteria,Chloroflexi,and Bacteroide-tes,collectively accounting for over 85.2%of the total bacterial population.Notably,montmorillonite addition significantly boosted Actinomycetes abundance during the thermophilic phase.Furthermore,the relative abundance of thermophilic aerobic microorganisms,such as Thermobacillus and Ureibacil-lus,was augmented by the combined addition of montmorillonite and nano SiO2.[Conclusion]Simulta-neous addition of montmorillonite and nano SiO2 during composting process influences the relative abundance of dominant bacterial communities at various stages and enhances bacterial diversity and abundance to play a role in accelerating the composting process and minimizing nitrogen loss.
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