Review on key parameters and storage capacity potential assessment for in-situ carbon mineralization site
The significant greenhouse gases emission,especially CO2 is the main cause of global warming.According to IEA report,carbon capture,utilization and sequestration(CCUS)is proposed as an effective mitigation strategy which accounts for about 15%of cumulative carbon emission reduction.The in-situ mineralization sequestration technology is based on the rapid CO2 mineralization mechanism,utilizing the formations of mafic rocks and ultramafic rocks(such as basalt and peridotite)as carbon storage sites.The mineralization reaction between CO2 and calcium-and magnesium-rich minerals is used to transform them into stable carbonates,achieving permanent and efficient CO2 sequestration.Pilot projects in Iceland and the United States have demonstrated the feasibility of this technology,but no demonstration project has been carried out in China yet.This review presents the mechanism of in-situ carbon mineralization,calculation methods for CO2 storage capacity,and current technical challenges.In addition,the conducted case studies,including their technical details are discussed,while the key parameters required for implementing this technology(include source-sink distance,mineral types,injectivity,and confinement,etc)are provided.Based on the recent research,the future prospects are made,aiming to enhance China's understanding and attention to the in-situ carbon mineralization technology,at the same time,serving as a guideline for future implementation in China.