Particulate photocatalysts for light-driven overall water splitting
Photocatalytic overall water splitting(POWS)is a simple and cost-effective approach to directly transforming solar energy into green hydrogen,which attracts great attention and demonstrates a bright prospect.The performance of photocatalyst is recognized as the key factor in the development of POWS.The strategies for improving the performance mainly focus on the three fundamental steps of photocatalysis,i.e.,light absorption,carrier separation and migration and surface reaction.This paper reviews the recent achievements from the perspectives of valid strategies in coping with the challenges in these steps.Based on this,we summarize the important strategies of designing and preparing efficient photocatalysts for POWS and analyze the remaining obstacles to the industrial application of POWS.It is pointed out that the main challenge at present is to develop efficient narrow-gap photocatalysts.Meanwhile,the problems of serious backward reaction,the instability of the materials,and the technological problems like the separation of H2-O2 mixture during large-scale operations should also be addressed in the future.
solar energyphotocatalysisoverall water splittinghydrogen productioncatalystrenewable energy
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