Nucleation process of gas hydrates in the emulsion system:A review
The investigation of hydrate nucleation behavior in water-oil emulsion can be used to evaluate the stable existence time of oil-gas-water system in metastable states,which is of great significance for the safe operation of multiphase pipelines in low temperature environment and the formulation of hydrate risk control strategies.Therefore,it has become a key issue and research hotspot in the field of flow assurance for deepwater pipelines.This paper focused on the nucleation process of hydrates in oil-water emulsions.The quantitative methods of hydrate nucleation rate in experimental studies were summarized,and the differences and similarities of the induction time definition methods in current studies were analyzed.Moreover,the effects of environmental conditions and system compositions such as temperature,pressure,disturbance intensity,water cut and crude oil components on the hydrate nucleation behavior and the prediction model of the hydrate nucleation rate were reviewed.In general,the nucleation behavior of hydrates in water-oil emulsion has been studied in-depth,and some achievements have been made in qualitative analysis of influencing factors and quantitative description of models.However,more detailed research is still needed on the unification of the induction time definition method and the engineering application of models.It is necessary to gradually establish a unified induction time definition standard and more general induction time prediction models.In addition,spectroscopic instruments and molecular dynamics simulations should be used to deepen the understanding of the molecular-scale information of the hydrate nucleation process,the nucleation behavior of hydrates should be further understood,and the engineering application of the models should be gradually realized.
flow assurancegas hydratewater-oil emulsionnucleation behaviorinduction time
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