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锂离子电池拆解回收技术及进展

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锂离子电池的广泛使用带来了越来越多的电池废弃物,如何环保、安全、低成本地处理这些废旧锂离子电池成了该领域的热点问题。本文以废旧锂离子电池的危害和资源利用价值为背景,重点介绍了废旧锂离子电池拆解回收的工艺流程,其中包括了预处理、主流回收方法、金属分离回收和再生利用等部分,以相关技术原理为基础,重点归纳了近几年湿法回收为主的废旧锂离子电池回收利用各环节工艺流程的学术成果,并对工艺过程中各个方法进行了优势与不足的分析,其次对于物理回收和火法回收等方面作了简要介绍。最后,在现有的回收现状上,对锂离子电池未来进行展望,提出建立大型预处理生产线、在相邻领域再利用回收材料、重复使用化学试剂等合理的发展方向。
Lithium-ion battery disassembly and recycling technology and progress
The extensive use of lithium-ion batteries has generated more and more lithium-ion battery waste,and how to deal with this lithium-ion battery waste in an environmentally friendly,safe and cost-effective manner has become a hot issue in the field.This paper took the hazards and resource utilization value of waste lithium-ion batteries as the background,focused on the process of dismantling and recycling of waste lithium-ion batteries,which included pre-treatment,mainstream recycling methods,metal separation,recovery and recycling,based on the relevant technical principles,It focused on summarizing the progress of academic achievement on the process of recycling of waste lithium-ion batteries mainly by wet recycling in recent years,and analyzed the advantages and shortcomings of each method in the process,followed by a brief introduction to physical recycling and fire recycling.Finally,based on the existing recycling status quo,the future outlook of lithium-ion batteries was made,and reasonable development directions were suggested such as the establishment of a large-scale pretreatment production line,the reuse of recycled materials in adjacent fields and the reuse of chemical reagents.

spent lithium-ion batterieswaste treatmentrecoveryleachingregeneration

黎伟杰、路蕾蕾、李得科、王春航、张祖铭、谭强

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西安理工大学理学院,陕西 西安 710048

中节能西安启源机电装备有限公司,陕西 西安 710200

西安交通大学材料科学与工程学院,陕西西安 710049

废旧锂离子电池 废物处理 回收 浸出 再生

西安交通大学基础科研项目陕西省教育厅科研项目

XJH01202002721JP082

2024

化工进展
中国化工学会,化学工业出版社

化工进展

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:1.062
ISSN:1000-6613
年,卷(期):2024.43(8)