Preparation of acid-controlled montmorillonite and its catalytic synthesis of vanillin butyl ether from vanillyl alcohol
A series of montmorillonites were treated by using hydrochloric acid solutions with different concentrations,and the effect of treating montmorillonite with different acid concentrations on the conversion of vanillyl alcohol to vanillyl butyl ether was investigated.Characterization results showed that compared to sodium-based montmorillonite,it was found that the structure and acidity of acid-activated montmorillonite changed significantly,and the lamellar skeleton structure of montmorillonite was not significantly affected at a lower concentration of acid treatment,while the lamellar skeleton structure of montmorillonite was destroyed at a higher concentration of acid treatment.With the increase of acid treatment concentration,the specific surface area of the catalyst increased gradually,and the acidity was increased firstly and then decreased.The highest acidity and the best catalytic performance were obtained at the acid treatment concentration of 0.11mol/L,and the obtained vanillin alcohol conversion and vanillyl butyl ether yields were 99.9%and 93.6%,respectively.The study on the structure-performance relationship of the catalyst confirmed that the catalytic performance showed a linear positive correlation with the acidity of the catalyst,indicating that the catalytic performance was dominated by the structure of the montmorillonite and acidity.On the basis of maintaining the montmorillonite structure,the increase of the acidity could increase the catalytic activity.
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