Progress in the study of antibiotic resistance genes in the aquatic environment
Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)have been identified by the World Health Organization(WHO)as one of the serious health problems,and the contamination of ARGs in the environment can lead to the emergence of"superbugs",which poses a great threat to the health of human beings and organisms.Therefore,this paper systematically described the hazards of ARGs and their diffusion mechanism in the environment,and summarized the contamination of ARGs in surface water,groundwater,soil and the current situation of wastewater treatment.The analysis showed that horizontal gene transfer played a key role in the spreading mechanism of ARGs.The pollution of ARGs in surface water was more serious than that of other water resources,and further caused the pollution of ARGs in soil and jeopardized the health of human beings.The current status of wastewater treatment system was analyzed,and although the advanced oxidation process is the best process for the removal of ARGs,the membrane bio-reactor(MBR)is more effective for removing the ARGs by virtue of its lower cost and good economic effect.Although the best removal effect of ARGs is the advanced oxidation process,the MBR has a better application prospect by virtue of its lower cost,good economic effect,and better treatment effect than the traditional activated sludge process.Therefore,combining the existing process and constructing a combined process has become the direction of future upgrading of wastewater treatment plants.
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