The research process of domestic and foreign pressure vessel standards and specifications in the key technical topics of head cylinder thickness is discussed.In view of the technical shortcomings and defects of key technologies such as the thickening of the straight edge of the head,the norminal thickness of the head of the pressure vessel,the thickness relationship diagram,and the thinning transition of the steel plate of unequal thickness on both sides of the butt joint,the in-depth basic theory and refined innovation research were carried out based on the practical experience of the project,and the solution to the problem in line with the engineering practice was proposed,It has overcome the key technical problems related to the thickness of the standard head cylinder of pressure vessels at home and abroad for a long time,and made the theoretical and practical knowledge system of the thickness design and processing and manufacturing of the head cylinder more coordinated,comprehensive,accurate,scientific,reasonable,true and reliable,and effectively promoted the scientific and technological progress of high-end equipment manufacturing of pressure equipment in China and the improvement of product quality,safety and reliability.