铂基氧还原催化剂:从单晶电极到拓展表面纳米材料
Pt-based oxygen reduction reaction catalysts:from single crystal electrode to nanostructured extended surface
孙铭泽 1黄鹤来 1牛志强1
作者信息
- 1. 清华大学化学工程系,化学工程联合国家重点实验室,北京 100084
- 折叠
摘要
开发低成本、高性能的氧还原铂基催化剂仍然是目前推动质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)商业化进程的重要方向.在拓展单晶电极表面的相关研究中,活性金属铂的原子排布、应力应变、周边配位环境等因素都被认为对氧还原的性能具有重要影响.然而,在规整表面的单晶电极上得到的经验并不能完全指导纳米催化剂的设计,这是因为纳米颗粒存在着尺寸效应带来的活性-利用率的矛盾关系.通过在纳米尺度上模拟单晶电极的性质,构造纳米薄膜材料及二维晶面可控的纳米材料,可以一定程度上实现拓展表面性质.结合本课题组的研究工作,本文总结了拓展表面催化剂用于氧还原反应的理论和实验结果,探讨了纳米催化剂的发展和目前存在的问题,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望.
Abstract
The development of low-cost,high-performance oxygen reduction platinum-based catalysts is still an important direction in promoting the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFC).The investigations of the single crystal electrode surface showed the factors such as the atomic arrangement,strain between lattices,and coordination environment of the Pt metal are responsible for the activity of oxygen reduction reaction.However,the knowledge gained from extended surfaces of single crystal electrodes cannot entirely guide the design of nanocatalysts due to the see-saw relationship between activity and utilization arising from size effects in nanoparticles.By simulating the properties of single crystal electrodes at the nanoscale,it is possible to expand surface properties and achieve the two-win results to some extent.This paper reviews the theoretical and experimental results regarding the use of extended surface catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction,and the insights into the remaining challenges and research directions of nanocatalysts are also proposed.
关键词
氧还原/燃料电池/单晶电极/纳米催化剂/电化学/氢Key words
oxygen reduction/fuel cell/single crystal electrode/nanocatalysts/electrochemistry/hydrogen引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(20201300620)
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据