Relationship between simple distillation and equilibrium distillation in binary system
The Rayleigh equation is a fundamental equation that describes time-dependent simple distillation.Despite it has extensive application in isotope fractionation related fields,its application in chemical separation related articles is few.This paper addresses this discrepancy by initially establishing the Rayleigh equation for simple distillation and the mathematical model for equilibrium distillation based on component molar flow rates.Subsequently,the theoretical relationships between integration and differentiation in mathematics are applied to build an approximate model for simple distillation using a series of N stages in equilibrium distillation,elucidating the theoretical connection between simple and equilibrium distillation.Finally,using the mathematical model of N-stage series equilibrium distillation,the Rayleigh equation is derived under the condition that N tends to infinity.The results indicate that Rayleigh distillation is a specific operational condition of simple distillation,characterized by infinitesimally small vaporization rates and heating rates,requiring an indefinitely long distillation time.It reveals that the infinite time required for Rayleigh distillation aligns more with isotope fractionation processes.
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