Nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI)has broad application prospects in environmental pollution remediation due to its strong reduction ability and high adsorption performance.In recent years,various synthesis methods have been developed and great promotion has been made in the reduction of nZVI to remove organic and inorganic pollutants,as well as advanced oxidation technologies based on nZVI.This review provided a comprehensive summary of the mechanisms and relative merits of the main methods for nZVI preparation,including physical,chemical,and green synthesis methods.The removal mechanisms of inorganic and organic contaminants by nZVI involving reduction,adsorption,and coprecipitation were described in detail;the mechanism and environmental application of nZVI coupled with oxidants(e.g.,molecular oxygen,hydrogen peroxide,calcium peroxide,and persulfate)were emphatically introduced.Additionally,the research trends and development directions for the nZVI-based technology in environmental remediation are proposed,aiming to serve as a reference for the efficient preparation and widespread application of nZVI in environmental remediation.
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