The advancement of fluorescence labeling and imaging techniques is closely dependent on key emission and chemical properties of fluorescent dyes,such as brightness,photostability,and biocompatibility.The development of new fluorescent groups and the enhancement of fluorescence performance are also expected to propel the progress of fluorescence technology.The novel fluorescent properties of dyes are intricately linked to their molecular structure,with the main strategies for structural innovation including the discovery of entirely new fluorescent groups and the structural modification of traditional fluorescent group frameworks.This review delves into the fluorescent structure-activity relationship of fluorescent dyes,detailing a series of fluorescent dyes that have achieved significant improvements in luminous performance through molecular structural innovation.It discusses the outstanding performance exhibited by these dyes in cutting-edge applications,such as advanced bioluminescence imaging.The article concludes with a discussion of the challenges faced by the development of fluorescent dyes in the field of biological imaging.
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