Scale-up of ultrasonic microreactor systems and their applications in the preparation of nanomaterials
The combination of ultrasonics and microreactor can solve the problems of conventional microreactors that can frequently be blocked by solid particles,poor operational elasticity,and difficult scale-up so that ultrasonic microreactor is expected to become a new generation of microreactor technology,which will be widely used in reaction processes,involving solid blockage and limited mass transfer of mixing,especially the synthesis of nanomaterials.Although there are many research reports on ultrasonic microreactors,most of them are limited to small reactors for laboratory use,and there are few studies on the amplification of ultrasonic microreactors.This review systematically introduces the structural composition of the ultrasonic microreactor system and the resonance matching and scale-up strategies between the components.Generally,the ultrasonic microreactor system consists of four parts:ultrasonic power supply,ultrasonic transducer,microchannel reactor,and fluid in the channel.The ultrasonic energy is generated by the power supply and transmitted to the fluid through the transducer and microchannel.To ensure the high energy transfer efficiency of the system,the resonant frequency corresponding to these four parts needs to be consistent and the impedance should be matched.The scale-up of the ultrasonic microreactor is divided into three aspects:ultrasonic power amplification,reactor radiation surface enlargement,and microchannel size expansion,and the core problems and solutions encountered in the magnification of each part are systematically expounded.Finally,the applications of ultrasonic microreactors in the field of nanomaterial synthesis are introduced in detail,and according to the mechanism of the synthesis process,it is divided into three types of nanomaterial synthesis:reaction nucleation growth control,molecular self-assembly control,emulsion and interface confinement control.
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维普
