Progress on resource utilization and second utilization of chloride removal products from Friedel's salt precipitation method
The high concentration of Cl-in wastewater can seriously corrode industrial equipment,and also pollute the water environment.A series of technologies for removing Cl-from wastewater have been reported,such as membrane separation,concentration,evaporation crystallization,chemical precipitation,adsorption,ion exchange,electrolysis,oxidation,and solvent extraction.Among them,chemical precipitation has significant advantages in equipment investment and operability,Friedel's salt precipitation method of Cl-removal has been intensively studied because of the wide source and low price of raw materials,compared with other methods using silver,copper,or bismuth.After the Cl-removal,a large quantity of chemical sludge is produced,which mainly contains Friedel's salt(3CaO·Al2O3· CaCl2·10H2O),katoite[Ca3Al2(OH)12],and calcium hydroxide,etc.Due to the complex components and the tight binding of Cl-in the interlayer spacing of Friedel's salt,the resultant sludge is difficult to recycle.To promote the application of Friedel's salt precipitation method,it is very important to utilize its Cl-removal products,especially Friedel's salt,as a resource.Based on the introduction of the compositional and structural characteristics of Friedel's salt,this work highlights the advantages of Friedel's salt precipitation method,which cannot only remove Cl-,but also obtain Friedel's salt,by comparing other preparation methods.According to the aluminum and calcium components of Friedel's salt and its layered bimetallic hydroxide structure,effective resource utilization can be carried out,including the removal of various heavy metal cations(i.e.,Cu2+,Cd2+,Co2+,Zn2+,and Pb2+)and oxygenated anion complexes[i.e.,Sb(OH)6-,AsO43-,SeO42-,and CrO42-],and the preparation of polyaluminum chloride coagulants and as sludge dewatering regulators,etc.These uses have broad application prospects,providing reference and exploration direction for the further development of Friedel's salt precipitation method.
chloride-contained wastewaterFriedel's salt precipitation methodchemical sludgeFriedel's saltresource reuse
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