Marx and Engels'Critique of Langue's Social Darwinism and Its Contemporary Value
In the 1860s and 1870s,the vulgar theory of evolution advocated by social Darwinism caused great ideological confusion in the workers'movement.In order to rectify the chaos,Marx and Engels criticized the social Darwinism advocated by Langue and others.Their criticism mainly focused on three aspects:firstly,it criticized the one-sided emphasis on the law of"struggle for survival"in social Darwinism,which ignores the essential differences between human society and the biological world,as well as the social and historical attributes of"class struggle";secondly,it criticized social Darwinism for spreading the theory of"survival of the fittest"and numbing workers to accept the reality of"natural unsuitability";the third was to reveal the essence of"elite rule","imperialism"and"hegemonism"behind the"rule of the strong"claimed by social Darwinism.The criticism of Langue's social Darwinism by Marx and Engels has important guiding significance for identifying new forms of contemporary social Darwinism,resisting the erosion of negative social trends and western ideologies.
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