首页|五格式净粪池与三格式化粪池处理农村生活污水效果及成本对比

五格式净粪池与三格式化粪池处理农村生活污水效果及成本对比

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针对三格式化粪池(TcST)出水COD及氮、磷浓度高,直排或溢流造成当地局部水体污染或黑臭的问题,构建了等容积五格式净粪池(FcPTR),并以实际生活污水为处理对象,对比研究2种反应器的运行特性和单位污染物去除成本.结果表明:FcPTR连续运行120 d,出水COD平均值为74 mg/L,TN、NH4+-N、TP平均浓度分别为26、20、1.6 mg/L,在我国进水水质相似的农村地区使用时,可满足11个省(区、市)发布的农村生活污水处理设施水污染排放地方标准二级水质要求.厌氧折流区、好氧区填料与污泥上变形菌门(Proteobacteria)的生长代谢促进了含氮和含磷物质的去除.相比于TcST,FcPTR明显增强了系统对有机物的降解和脱氮除磷效果,提高了系统的抗冲击负荷能力.经成本核算,在设计容积和运行场景相同时运行10年,FcPTR 削减 1 kg COD、1 kg NH+-N的成本均比 TcST 降低 19.8％.
Comparison of effect and cost of five-compartment purification tank reactor and three-compartment septic tank in domestic sewage treatment
Three-compartment septic tank(TcST)with high concentrations of effluent COD,nitrogen and phosphorus would cause local water pollution or black odor when tailwater was directly discharged or overflowed.In view of the above problems,an equal-volume five-compartment purification tank reactor(FcPTR)was constructed and,taking actual domestic sewage as the treatment object,the operating characteristics and unit pollutant removal cost were compared and analyzed.The results revealed that when FcPTR operated continuously for 120 days,average concentrations of effluent COD,TN,NH4+-N,TP were 74,26,20,and 1.6 mg/L,respectively,which could reach Class Ⅱ of local standards for water pollutants discharge from rural domestic facilities that had been issued by 11 provinces(autonomous region,municipality directly under the Central Government)in China when applied in rural areas where the quality of the influent water was similar.The removal of nitrogenous and phosphorus-containing materials was promoted by the growth and metabolism of Proteobacteria on the filler and sludge in the anaerobic baffle zone and aerobic zone.Compared with TcST,FcPTR could significantly enhance the degradation of organic matter and denitrification and phosphorus removal,and improve the shock load resistance.According to cost accounting,when operating for 10 years with the same design volumes and operating scenarios,FcPTR could reduce the cost of 1 kg COD and 1 kg NH+-N removal both by 19.8％compared with TcST.

domestic sewagethree-compartment septic tank(TcST)five-compartment purification tank reactor(FcPTR)decentralized wastewater treatmentoperating characteristic

蒋进元、陈朱迪、罗勇、谭伟、宋浩洋、石冬妮

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中国环境科学研究院

重庆交通大学河海学院

农村生活污水 三格式化粪池 五格式净粪池 分散式污水处理 运行特性

黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究项目广元市长江水生态环境保护研究项目

2022-YRUC-01-02032022-LHYJ-02-0509-06

2024

10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20230558

环境工程技术学报
中国环境科学研究院

环境工程技术学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1
ISSN：1674-991X
年,卷(期)：2024.14(3)
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