摘要
为分析云南某铜选冶厂周边农田土壤重金属污染特征及来源,通过测定农田土壤中重金属(Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni、Pb、Cd、As、Hg)的含量,采用污染负荷指数、地累积指数及潜在生态危害指数法评价农田土壤重金属污染特征,并结合相关性分析和PMF模型对土壤重金属来源进行分析.结果表明:研究区土壤中Cr、As、Pb、Hg 4种重金属元素的平均含量均高于云南省土壤背景值;污染负荷指数处于轻微污染;地累积指数中 As(0.92)＞Hg(-0.05)＞Cr(-0.41)＞Pb(-0.52)＞Cu(-1.05)＞Zn(-1.20)＞Ni(-1.21)＞Cd(-3.23),As元素属于轻度累积,其余重金属均为无累积;潜在生态风险单项指数中除Hg元素达到中等生态风险,其余7种重金属元素均为轻微生态风险,研究区整体处于轻微生态风险.土壤重金属来源分析中PMF模型解析5个因子,贡献率分别为14.8％、16.1％、15.3％、26.6％和27.2％.其中As元素主要为工业活动源,Cu、Zn、Cr、Ni元素主要为土壤成土母质源、Cd元素主要为农业活动源、Pb元素主要为交通源、Hg元素主要为化石燃料源.
Abstract
To analyze the characteristics and sources of heavy metal pollution in farmland soils around a copper dressing and smelting plant in Yunnan,the content of heavy metals(Cu,Zn,Cr,Ni,Pb,Cd,As,Hg)in farmland soils was measured,and the pollution load index,ground accumulation index and potential ecological hazard index methods were used to evaluate the characteristics of heavy metal pollution in farmland soils,and the sources of soil heavy metals were analyzed by combining correlation analysis and PMF model.The results show that the average contents of Cr,As,Pb and Hg in the soils of the study area are higher than the background values of soils in Yunnan Province;the pollution load index is slightly polluted;the geoaccumulation index is As(0.92)＞Hg(-0.05)＞Cr(-0.41)＞Pb(-0.52)＞Cu(-1.05)＞Zn(-1.20)＞Ni(-1.21)＞Cd(-3.23),the element As belongs to light accumulation,and the rest of heavy metals are non-accumulative;among the potential ecological risk single index,except for the element Hg,which reaches medium ecological risk,the other seven heavy metals are all at slight ecological risk,and the study area as a whole is at slight ecological risk.The PMF model analyzed five factors in the analysis of soil heavy metal sources,with contributions of 14.8％,16.1％,15.3％,26.6％and 27.2％,respectively.Among them,element As is mainly the source of industrial activities,Cu,Zn,Cr and Ni are mainly the sources of soil-forming parent material,Cd is mainly the source of agricultural activities,Pb is mainly the source of traffic,and Hg is mainly the source of fossil fuels.
基金项目
云南省万人计划产业技术领军人才科技项目(云发改人事[2019]274号)
中铝国际重点科研项目(CJ2021JS-06)
维普
万方数据