Relationship between serum concentrations of phthalic acid esters and gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant women
Phthalic acid esters(PAEs)are widely present in humans and can have many adverse effects on pregnant women.To date,many studies on the effects of PAEs on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)have been published,but the findings of these studies are controversial.In this study,158 serum samples(including 104 pregnant women with GDM and 54 pregnant women non-GDM)were collected between 2011 and 2012.The concentrations of 16 PAEs in serum were measured by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer(GC-MS),and the association between PAEs concentrations in serum and GDM risk and blood glucose level of pregnant women was studied.The results showed that di(2-ethyl)hexyl phthalate(DEHP;mean=32.95 ng·mL-1)was the abundant PAEs in serum,followed by dibutyl phthalate(DBP;mean=20.55 ng·mL-1)and butyl benzyl phthalate(BBP;mean=9.89 ng·mL-1).Logistic regression analysis indicated that dimethyl phthalate(DMP;odd ratio(OR)=2.39,95％confidence interval(CI):1.14,3.85),DBP(OR=3.54,95％CI:1.25,5.70),di-isobutyl phthalate(DIBP;OR=2.32,95％CI:1.78,4.14),and DEHP(OR=4.19,95％CI:2.89,5.99)concentrations in serum were significant positively associated with GDM.In addition,the concentrations of DBP,DIBP,and DEHP in serum of pregnant women were positively associated with 2-hour blood glucose(Crude Model:βDBP=0.13,95％CI:0.09,0.42,P＜0.05;βDIBP=0.19,95％CI:0.04,0.65,P＜0.05;βDEHP=0.32,95％CI:0.10,0.53,P＜0.05.Adjusted Model:βDBP=0.12,95％CI:0.07,0.38,P＜0.05;βDIBP=0.25,95％CI:0.10,0.69,P＜0.05;βDEHP=0.38,95％CI:0.15,0.58,P＜0.05).Overall,the results showed that exposure to DBP,DIBP,DMP,and DEHP may increase the risk of GDM in pregnant women.
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