Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in underground garages of urban commercial buildings
To study the pollution characteristics and potential impacts of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in underground garages of urban commercial buildings,VOCs sampling and monitoring were conducted in underground garages of three selected typical shopping malls in Yancheng to obtain the VOCs concentration levels,composition and diurnal variation characteristics,and to evaluate human health risks.During the observation period,the mean values of total volatile organic compounds(TVOCs)of all samples in the three underground garages from 9:00 to 13:00 were(2547.9±1595.2)μg·m-3、(1376.7±122.7)μg·m-3、(1689.1±93.1)μg·m-3,respectively.Among the 75 types of VOCs analyzed,the detection rates of VOCs in the three underground garages were 52.0％,36.0％and 34.7％,respectively.The top components of VOCs measured in each underground garage were toluene(30.5％-48.2％),isopropanol(4.5％-27.2％),2-butanone(3.8％-12.4％),methyl-cyclopentane(2.2％-2.8％),benzene(1.5％-2.6％),and 1,2-dichloroethane(1.7％-2.2％).The diurnal concentration of VOCs in the underground garage was mainly related to the traffic flow,with two peak concentrations of 3785.4 μg·m-3 and 8694.3 μg·m-3 at 11:00 and 21:00,respectively.The results of health risk evaluation showed that the non-carcinogenic risk hazard index(HI)of the VOCs monitored in the three underground garages were 4.1,4.3 and 7.4,which exceeded the maximum acceptable level(HI=1)recommended by the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency.The lifetime carcinogenic risk factors(Risk)for benzene and ethylbenzene were(1.2×10-4-6.2×10-4)and(3.8x10 6-2.5x10-5),which were beyond the safety threshold range(Risk≤1×10-6).Health risks existed in all three underground garages.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
