青岛典型农业区土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯污染特征及健康风险评估
Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of phthalate esters(PAEs)in soils of typical agricultural areas in Qingdao
张凯璇 1冯丽娟 1张鹏举 1张大海 1李先国1
作者信息
- 1. 中国海洋大学化学化工学院,青岛,266100
- 折叠
摘要
为评估邻苯二甲酸酯(phthalate esters,PAEs)对农业土壤的影响,本研究调查了青岛市洋河流域5种农业类型的两个土层(0-10cm、10-20 cm),利用气相色谱-质谱分析了 56个土壤样品中6种PAEs的含量,研究了土壤中PAEs的污染水平、构成特征、环境来源以及健康风险.结果表明,洋河农业土壤中E6PAEs含量范围在183.63-780.50 ng·g-1,平均值为396.75 ng·g-1.其中,DEHP和DBP是研究区土壤中最主要的单体,分别占6种PAEs总量的55.45％和28.74％.根据美国纽约州土壤PAEs控制标准,DMP和DBP的超标率分别为32％和48％.5种农业土壤∑6PAEs平均值大小顺序依次为:温室土壤＞蔬菜地＞覆膜耕地＞玉米地＞林地.不同农业土壤中PAEs组成由于其来源不同而具有差异性.蔬菜地、玉米地和林地表层中6种PAEs总量高于深层,温室和覆膜耕地则相反,5种土壤类型各层间PAEs含量均不存在显著差异.主成分分析和聚类分析表明,洋河农业区PAEs主要来源于农用塑料、化肥与农药杀虫剂.风险评估显示,洋河流域农业区6种单体对人体产生的非致癌风险很低,但对于DEHP而言,居民通过饮食途径引起的致癌风险为(1.18±0.82)×10-6,超过美国环保署推荐的致癌水平(10-6),应引起足够重视.
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of phthalate esters(PAEs)on agricultural soils,fifty-six soil samples with five different agricultural practices were collected from two soil layers(0 to 10 cm,and 10 cm to 20 cm)in Yanghe River Basin of Qingdao.The concentrations of six PAEs in these samples were determined with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS).The pollution levels,composition characteristics,environmental sources,and health risks of PAEs in soils of the study area were also studied.It was found that the total concentrations of the 6 PAEs(∑6PAEs)in soil samples ranged from 183.63 ng·g-1 to 780.50 ng·g-1,with an average value of 396.75 ng·g-1.DEHP and DBP,accounting for 55.45％and 28.74％of the total ∑6PAEs respectively,were the major monomers of PAEs for any agricultural practice.According to the standard for the control and cleanup of soil PAEs used in New York State,USA,the concentrations of DBP and DMP exceed the recommended allowable concentrations,with the over-standard rates of 32％and 48％,respectively.For the five agricultural practices,the average values of ∑6PAEs in soils decrease in the order of greenhouse＞vegetable field＞mulched farmland＞woodland＞corn field.The composition of PAEs in soils is source-dependent,i.e.it is different for different agricultural practices due to their different sources.For vegetable field,corn field and woodland,the content of ∑6PAEs in the surface layer is higher than that in the deep layer;while the trend reverses for greenhouse and mulched farmland.There was no significant difference in ∑6PAEs contents among the two layers of the soil for any of the five agricultural practices.Principal component analysis and cluster analysis indicated that PAEs in Yanghe agricultural area came mainly from the use of agricultural plastics,chemical fertilizers and pesticides.Human health risk assessment indicated that the non-carcinogenic risk for any of the six PAE monomers is negligible.However,the carcinogenic risk indices to human health via dietary route was(1.18±0.82)×10-6for DEHP,which was higher than the recommended value(10-6)set by the USEPA,suggesting that great concerns should be paid for the pollution of DEHP in the area.
关键词
邻苯二甲酸酯/农业土壤/污染特征/风险评价/青岛Key words
phthalate esters/agricultural soils/pollution characteristics/risk assessment/Qingdao引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(41276067)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(201861015)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据