2016-2021年江苏省扬州市PM2.5中多环芳烃的来源解析及健康风险评价
Source apportionment and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in PM2.5 of Yangzhou City from 2016 to 2021
束文涛 1张婷 2李晔 3霍宗利 4胡佳偲 4周连5
作者信息
- 1. 南京医科大学公共卫生学院,南京,211166
- 2. 美国弗吉尼亚州费尔法克斯市乔治梅森大学土木、环境和基础设施工程系,美国,22030
- 3. 华东师范大学地理科学学院,上海,200241
- 4. 江苏省疾病预防控制中心,南京,210009
- 5. 南京医科大学公共卫生学院,南京,211166;江苏省疾病预防控制中心,南京,210009
- 折叠
摘要
分析2016-2021年扬州市大气细颗粒污染物(fine particular matter,PM2.5)中多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)组分的季节分布特征,解析其潜在污染来源并采用模型评估PAHs对人群的致癌风险评估.研究收集2016年10月至2021年12月扬州市大气PM2.5样本,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对样本中16种PAHs组分进行检测并对季节分布特征作出描述,采用特征比值法和正定矩阵因子分解法(positive matrix factorization,PMF)对其潜在污染来源进行解析,结合苯并[a]芘(BaP)毒性当量法和终身致癌风险模型(ILCR)评估呼吸途径所导致的PAHs对成年和儿童的健康风险.结果表明2016-2021年扬州市大气PM2.5浓度范围的变化范围为2-483 μg•m-3,∑PAHs的浓度范围为0.43-76.63 ng•m3,两者均呈现冬季浓度最高,夏季浓度最低的浓度变化特征.不同环数PAHs的浓度占比中,4环PAHs占比最大(49.14％),2环PAHs在4个季节中占最低(0.79％).采用特征比值法结合PMF模型进行分析,扬州市近年来当地空气环境受燃煤、生物质燃烧和交通源排放影响较为突出.BaP毒性当量法表现为:冬季＞春季＞秋季＞夏季.5年来成人和儿童的总致癌风险平均值分别为3.504×10-6、0.943×10-6,成人呼吸途径的健康暴露风险高于儿童,和儿童仅在冬季有一定程度致癌风险相比,成人在春季、秋季和冬季均存在不同程度的暴露风险.研究显示2016-2021年扬州市大气PM2.5中的PAHs含量呈现明显的季节性变化,其主要来源于汽油、汽车尾气以及燃煤燃烧.在目前的PM2.5中多环芳烃的水平下,成人和儿童均存在一定潜在致癌风险,尤其是在冬季外出时需做好防护工作.
Abstract
This study explored the seasonal distribution characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in atmospheric fine particulate matters(PM2.5)in Yangzhou City from 2016 to 2021,aiming to apportion PM2.5-bounded PAHs to main source categories and estimate the carcinogenic risks of total PAH.PM2.5 samples were collected from October 2016 to December 2021,and sixteen PAHs were analyzed using the high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Source apportionment was conducted via the diagnostic ratio method and positive matrix factorization(PMF)method.The inhalation-related carcinogenic risks of PAHs to adults and children were assessed using BaP toxicity equivalent method and the individual lifetime cancer risk(ILCR)model.PM2.5 concentrations ranged from 2 μg·m-3 to 483 μg·m-3,with the ΣPAHs concentration from 0.43 ng·m-3 to 76.63 ng·m-3.Both PM2.5 and ΣPAHs concentrations were the highest in winter and the lowest in summer.Among different PAHs ring structures,4-ring PAHs accounted for the largest proportion(49.14％),while 2-ring PAHs were the least prevalent(0.79％).The source apportionment results indicated that the local air pollutants were primarily from coal combustion,biomass burning,and vehicle emissions.The average total carcinogenic risk over the study period was 3.504×10-6 for adults,higher than that for children(0.943×10-6).The risk only existed in winter for children,while adults were at risk in spring,autumn,and winter.Stringent regulations targeting the PM2.5-bounded PAHs,especially those from vehicle emission and coal combustion,are warranted for the health benefits of both adults and children in Yangzhou City.
关键词
多环芳烃(PAHs)/分布特征/来源解析/健康风险评价Key words
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)/distribution characteristic/source analysis/health risk assessment引用本文复制引用
基金项目
江苏省卫生健康委医学科研重点项目(ZD2022069)
江苏省重点研发计划(社会发展)(BE2022837)
国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3708200)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据