摘要
以飞沫、气溶胶形式在空气中传播的病原微生物较难控制,极易形成大规模病原微生物感染事件,如2003年的SARS病毒和2019年的新型冠状病毒均通过空气传播,导致了严峻的疫情.而对空气、物表面进行消毒,能有效阻断经空气传播病原微生物的大规模感染.本文综述了近年来空气消毒技术及设备的最新进展,指出了现有技术和产品存在单一技术效率有限、催化剂活性不稳定、生物毒性尚不清晰、系统智能化程度低、新兴技术产业化难等不足和弊端,提出了消杀设备未来的研发趋势在于实时监测、经济耐用、高效催化和强力净化.总的来说,单一功能的空气消毒机无法对空气中的病原微生物进行彻底、高效的消杀,开发智慧化、多因子、多功能的高效能消毒材料及装备是未来的重要发展方向.
Abstract
It is difficult to control the pathogenic microorganisms that are transmitted to air in the form of droplets and aerosols,and which could easily cause large-scale pathogenic microbial infections.For example,the SARS-CoV in 2003 and the SARS-CoV-2 in 2019 were transmitted through air and resulted in a severe epidemic.Disinfecting the air and the surface of objects can effectively block the large-scale infection of airborne pathogenic microorganisms.This paper summarizes the latest developments in air disinfection technology and equipment in recent years,and points out that existing technologies and products have many shortcomings,for instance,a single technology with limited efficiency,unstable catalytic activity,unclear biological toxicity,low degree of system intelligence,and difficulties in the industrialization of emerging technologies,etc.The future research and development trend on air disinfection is proposed to develop equipment with real-time monitoring,economical and durable,efficient catalysis and powerful purification.In general,the single-function air disinfecting machine could not eliminate pathogenic microorganisms in the air completely and efficiently.Therefore,the development of intelligent,multi-factor and high-efficient disinfection materials and equipment is a significant and considerable development direction in the future.
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(51871250)
云南省重大科技专项计划(202102AB080007)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据