昆明市大气微塑料的沉降特性及呼吸暴露风险
The settlement characteristics and respiratory exposure risk of atmospheric microplastics in Kunming City
乐永宣 1史正涛 1罗淘源 1高琴芳1
作者信息
- 1. 云南师范大学地理学部,昆明,650000
- 折叠
摘要
大气沉降是微塑料非主动陆地输入的重要途径.为了了解昆明市大气微塑料的沉降特性及呼吸暴露风险,在2021-2022年干季和雨季,采集昆明市5个城市功能分区的大气微塑料样品,结合显微镜下观测、拉曼光谱分析和激光红外光谱分析等方法对其进行鉴定分析.昆明市大气微塑料的平均沉降通量范围为468-2238 n·m-2·d-1,平均值为(1211±498)n·m 2·d-1,形状以纤维(88.2％)、微珠(5.58％)、颗粒(4.86％)为主;颜色以透明(74.88％)和蓝色(10.16％)、不透明(3.56％)、红色(2.38％)等为主;约78.59％的大气微塑料粒径为10-1000 μm;聚合物类型以PET、纤维素、PMMA、PE、PVC、PA、PP为主.时空分布上,不同功能区大气微塑料的沉降通量依次为:商业交通稠密区＞旅游消费聚集区＞综合产业园区＞住宅区＞文教区;雨季微塑料的沉降通量更大((1475±350)n·m-2 d-1),约是干季的1.5倍.根据人体呼吸暴露风险初步评估结果,昆明市成人平均每天微塑料呼吸摄入量(Daily respiratory intake of atmospheric microplastics,EDI)约为 4.830×105 ng·kg-1,儿童平均 EDI 约 2.328×105 ng·kg-1.不同功能区的EDI从高到低为:商业交通稠密区＞综合产业园区＞住宅区＞文教区＞旅游消费区.本研究结果丰富了大气微塑料研究监测数据,为昆明市大气微塑料的环境污染评价和城市空气污染防治提供了参考.
Abstract
Atmospheric sedimentation is an important way for the inactive terrestrial input of microplastics.In order to understand the settlement characteristics of atmospheric microplastics(MPs)and the respiratory exposure risk of human in Kunming city,atmospheric microplastic samples from 5 functional zones were collected from 2021 to 2022 in the dry season and rainy season,identified and analyzed by microscopic observation,Raman spectroscopy analysis and laser infrared spectroscopy analysis.The average settlement flux of atmospheric microplastics in Kunming is 468-2238 n·m-2·d-1,the mean was(1211±498)n·m-2·d-1.The shape is mainly fiber(88.2％),beads(5.58％)and particles(4.86％).The color included transparent(74.88％),blue(10.16％),non-transparent(3.56％)and red(2.38％)and so on.About 78.59％of the atmospheric MPs are sized from 10 to 1000 μm.PET,cellulose,polymethacrylate,PE,PVC,PA and PP,which are the mainly polymer type.As for the spatial and temporal distribution,the settlement flux of atmospheric MPs in different functional areas is successively:business and traffic dense area＞tourist and consumption area＞comprehensive industrial zone＞residential area＞cultural and educational area.While the average settlement flux in rainy season is larger((1475±350)n·m-2·d-1),which is about 1.5 times that of the dry season.According to the preliminary assessment results of human respiratory exposure risk,the average daily respiratory intake of atmospheric microplastics(EDI)of adults in Kunming was about 4.830×105 ng·kg-1,the average EDI of children was about 2.328×105 ng·kg-1.The EDI of different functional areas from high to low is:business and traffic dense area＞comprehensive industrial zone＞residential areas＞cultural and education areas＞tourism consumption areas.The results of this study enrich the research and monitoring data of atmospheric MPs,and provide a reference for the environmental pollution evaluation and the prevention and control of air pollution in Kunming city.
关键词
大气微塑料/沉降通量/时空分布/呼吸暴露风险Key words
atmospheric microplastics/settling fluxes/spatiotemporal distribution/risk of respiratory exposure引用本文复制引用
基金项目
云南师范大学研究生科研创新基金(YJSJJ22-B97)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据