The power system,as a vital component of the national energy framework,plays a pivotal role in propel-ling green,low-carbon development and achieving carbon neutrality goals.This study evaluates the environmental ef-ficiency of 30 provincial power systems in China from 2011 to 2022,considering the spatial spillover effects of exter-nal factors.By integrating three spatial Tobit models into an improved two-stage data envelopment analysis(DEA)model,the research assesses the impact of external heterogeneities such as renewable energy policies,market re-forms,resource endowments,and technological innovation on environmental efficiency,while also accounting for the negative influence of extreme weather conditions.The findings reveal that there is considerable room for improvement in the environmental efficiency of power systems,particularly in the transmission sector.The spatial analysis results highlight a positive spatial autocorrelation in environmental efficiency,indicating significant spatial interdependen-cies among regions.Further analysis using the Dagum Gini coefficient indicates that while regional disparities in man-agerial inefficiency are not pronounced,there are noticeable spatial gradients.Therefore,in the realm of benchmark-ing management,it's crucial to factor in the variegated external environment,tailor strategies accordingly,amplify the impact of spatial spillovers,and refine the collaborative and supportive mechanisms among regions.This study not on-ly offers strategic recommendations for enhancing the environmental efficiency of power systems but also provides a scientific foundation for policy formulation and collaborative regional development.
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NSTL
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