摘要
为了综合评估有机肥替代氮肥对中国主要粮食产量的变化规律,以102篇文献为研究对象,通过Meta分析定量探讨了土壤理化性质、气候条件及不同氮肥替代率和补施量的影响.结果表明,与单施氮肥相比,有机肥替代氮肥可以提高作物产量,土壤速效钾含量、pH值、年平均气温对3种主要粮食产量影响最显著,当氮肥替代率和补施氮肥量分别为31.06％和241.78 kg·hm-2、26.52％和173.31 kg·hm-2、39.23％和149.17 kg·hm-2时,玉米、小麦和水稻产量增幅比达到最优,分别为3.31％、3.32％和1.08％.研究结果可为今后作物生产合理施肥提供参考依据,有助于促进绿色农业发展.
Abstract
To comprehensively assess the changing pattern of organic fertilizer substitution with nitrogen fertilizer on the yield of major grains in China,with 102 literature as the research object,through Meta-analysis we quantitatively explored the impacts of soil physicochemical properties,climatic conditions,and different nitrogen fertilizer replacement rates and supplemental application amounts.The results showed that the replacement of nitrogen fertilizer by organic fertilizer could increase crop yields compared with those from the application of nitrogen fertilizer alone,and soil quick-acting potassium content,pH,and annual average temperature had the most significant effects on the yields of the three major grains.When the nitrogen fertilizer replacement rate and the amount of supplemental nitrogen fertilizer applied were 31.06％and 241.78 kg·hm-2,26.52％and 173.31 kg·hm-2,and 39.23％and 149.17 kg·hm-2,the optimum yield increase ratios of 3.31％,3.32％,and 1.08％were achieved for maize,wheat,and rice,respectively.Thus,the results of this study can provide a reference basis for rational fertilizer application in future crop production and help promote green agriculture.
维普
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