摘要
为评价柴达木巴伦马海盆地盐湖黏土型钾锂矿可加工性和可利用性,开展了X射线衍射分析、TOF-SIMS(飞行时间二次离子质谱)元素面扫描分析等岩矿测试和溶矿试验.结果表明:盐湖黏土型钾锂矿主要矿物类型为造岩矿物碎屑、盐类矿物、吸附于矿物表面或层状矿物结构面的物质.主要化学成分为K、Na、O、Cl,盐类矿物成分Cl-、SO2-4、K、Ca、Na、Mg、B2O3含量高,稀有元素Li、Rb、Cs、Sr富集明显.黏土层中水可溶物为石盐、光卤石和水氯镁石,Li、K可以通过水溶方式溶取利用.分析认为K的赋存类型主要为可溶性盐类矿物、长石和黏土矿物;锂的赋存类型主要为吸附锂和结构型锂,吸附锂包括水溶锂和酸浸锂,残渣态锂属于结构型锂.溶矿试验显示巴伦马海盐湖黏土型钾锂矿中K达到固体矿工业指标,Li达到液体矿综合评价指标,证实是可采出、有价值、可加工、可利用的矿产,估算潜在LiCl资源为114.41万t,KCl资源为1 395.22万t.推荐Li≥32.25×10-6为黏土型钾锂矿的锂综合利用品位.
Abstract
X-ray diffraction analysis and TOF-SIMS element surface scanning analysis were conducted to assess the processing and availability of clay-type potassium-lithium ore in the Salt Lake of Balunmahai Basin in Qaidam.Additionally,a dissolution test was performed to further investigate the potential utilization of this resource.The findings indicate that the predominant mineral types present in clay-type potassium-lithium deposits within salt lakes include rock-forming mineral fragments,salt minerals,substances adsorbed on mineral surfaces,and layered mineral structural surfaces.The primary chemical components consist of K,Na,O,Cl.The content of salt mineral components such as Cl-,SO24-,K,Ca,Na,Mg,and B2O3 is notably high,while the concentrations of rare elements Li,Rb,Cs,and Sr are evident.Water-soluble substances found in the clay layer include stone salt,carnallite,and hydrochloromagnesite,with Li and K being capable of dissolution and utilization through water solutions.The analysis indicates that the predominant occurrence types of potassium(K)are soluble salt minerals,feldspar,and clay minerals.Lithium,on the other hand,is primarily found in the forms of adsorbed lithium and structural lithium.Adsorbed lithium includes water-soluble lithium and acid-leached lithium,while residual lithium is classified as structural lithium.The estimated potential resource of lithium chloride(LiCl)is 1.1441 million tons,whereas potassium chloride(KCl)is estimated at 13.9522 million tons.Dissolution tests conducted on the ore from Balunmahai Salt Lake indicate that the potassium content meets industrial standards for solid ore,while the lithium content meets criteria for liquid ore,affirming its extractability,value,processability,and accessibility.It is recommended that the comprehensive utilization grade of clay-type lithium ore exceed or equal 32.25×10-6.
基金项目
青海省"昆仑英才·高端创新创业人才"计划项目()
青海省地质矿产勘查开发局高层次人才培养项目(2023-3-18)
企业地勘项目()
NETL
NSTL
万方数据