Preliminary Aquatic Life Criteria Development and Ecological Risk Assessment of Ammonia in Seven Major Basins in China
Ammonia is one of the nationally-controlled indexes in ambient water environmental management.In order to assess the difference of ammonia criteria in different basins,seven major basins were used as the study object:Songhua River,Liaohe River,Haihe River,Yellow River,Huaihe River,Yangtze River and Zhujiang River.The water environmental criteria of the United States Environmental Protection Agency,based on the effects of water characteristics on the ecotoxicity of ammonia,were used to derive aquatic life criteria for ammonia in summer and non-summer.The results showed that:1) the differences between the criteria values in different basins and different seasons were significant.The differences between the criteria values in different basins were greater than six times,while that in different seasons in the same basin were greater than two times.2) The summer acute and chronic criteria for Huaihe River were 0.37 and 0.06 mg/L,while the non-summer values were 0.81 and 0.15 mg/L,respectively.Both the summer and the non-summer values were lowest in all of the seven basins.3) The results of ecological risk showed that the risk was low in Zhujiang River,and was moderate in Songhua River,Liaohe River and Yangtze River,and was higher in the Yellow River,and the highest risk occurred in Haihe River and Huaihe River.Haihe River has seven sections,including two at high risk,and Huaihe River has twenty-seven sections,including sixteen at high risk.This suggested that according to the differences of the criteria values for ammonia in the seven basins under different seasons,and differences of ammonia ecological risk assessment,it should be managed according to different policies.
seven basinsammoniaaquatic life criteriaecological risk assessmentrisk quotient
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
维普
