This article explores the physical mechanisms of light refraction and birefringence using photons,light waves,and Huygens theory The refraction of light is a short relaxation time when the incident light interacts with the particle at the interface of a transparent body.During this short time,the light wave stops at that point and only radiates outward when the particle(atom)transitions to a lower energy state.The generated wavelet simultaneously reaches a certain position to form a new envelope surface(envelope),which is no longer parallel to the original incident wave surface,resulting in a deviation in the propagation direction The birefringence phenomenon of light refers to the special arrangement structure of molecular crystals in the condensation process of material molecules(CaCO3),which has two different"interfaces"for incident light,resulting in birefringence.
beamspherical wavesenvelopebirefringencerelaxation time
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